A reactor with a volume of 50 mL was used as a container to carry out hydrothermal liquefaction of enteromorpha and solvent under high temperature and high pressure conditions.The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of various reaction conditions on the distribution of hydrothermal liquefaction products and the composition of bio⁃oil products,such as reaction time,reaction temperature,liquid⁃to⁃liquid ratio and ethanol ratio in solvent.The experimental results show that the reaction time is 45 minutes,the reaction temperature is 300 ℃,the liquid to material ratio is 40∶4.0,and the proportion of ethanol in the solvent is 50%,which is the most suitable reaction condition for the hydrothermal liquefaction of enteromorpha,and the yield of the obtained bio⁃oil is 45%.In addition,by GC⁃MS analysis of bio⁃oil components,the addition of ethanol in the solvent caused the alcoholysis reaction of the amide compound in the bio⁃oil product which increased the content of the ester compound and improve the quality of bio⁃oil.

       The matching relationship between the size of SMG-mm crosslinked polymer microspheres and the pore size of the nuclear membrane was studied by filtration experiments. The results show that the plugging effect of the microspheres with different pore sizes is very different, and there is a membrane pore size matched with the size of the microspheres. When the concentration and membrane pore size are the same, the pressure has a significant effect on the filtration results. In a certain concentration range, with the increase of concentration of microspheres dispersed system and filtration pressure, plugging effect is better. While when the concentration exceeds the optimum value, the performance of the plugging effect is more terrible; SEM observation results show that the effective plugging can be formed when the diameter of the microspheres and the pore size of the membrane are the best match.

The security condition of oil storage tank can be assessed without opening pot by acoustic emission technology, and acoustic emission signal recognition is the basis of analysis of the corrosion status for oil storage tanks. Against deficiencies of the analysis method by parameters, a new acoustic emission signal recognition method was proposed based on wavelet transform and RBF neural networks. Acoustic emission signal was decomposed to 6 layer by db2 wavelet, and feature vector from acoustic emission signal was composed of the space energy based on 6 layer detail feature. RBF neural network was designed combining the characteristics of acoustic emission signal. The RBF network was trained by using of the acoustic emission signal which pattern has been known.Corrosion, crack and condensation acoustic emission signal were studied by RBF neural network, respectively.The results showed that the recognition rate of RBF neural network reached 93.3%, and the RBF network displayed superiority in identification of the acoustic emission signal, which had a certain significance for quantitative analysis on oil storage tank safety situation.

By setting up numerical models of pipeline normal operation, temperature drop along the pipeline after shutdown and restart procedure, the normal and opposite direction transportation pipeline shutdown and restart procedure were described. The relative errors of the results calculated using the numerical models were less than 2%, so thermal variation along the pipeline can be simulated accurately. Based on the numerical models, maximum safe time after shutdown in different seasons, temperature drop along the pipeline after shutdown and flow recovery after restart in winter were calculated, respectively. The results can provide evidence for production management, safe and highly efficient operation of hotoil pipeline.

Gathering pipeline network adaptability evaluation, is to simulate the existing network when facing future possible working conditions, so as to assess its adaptability. Through numerical simulation, Canada Mackay River SAGD oil sand emulsion gathering pipeline network’s transient state is established, and Separated transportation and Multiphase transportation modes’ hydraulicthermal characteristic are analyzed, such as temperature dropping and pressure dropping. The result shows that the network based on the above two modes could satisfy the oil extraction and treatment requirement. For network corrosion issue, corrosion model is established to do the analog calculation. The result shows that in the separated transportation mode the carbon dioxide corrosion is severe, so multiphase transportation is recommended. Furthermore, the sand erosion prediction on pipeline elbow is calculated, the result shows that the erosion is not serious, network adaptability is good. The multiphase transportation and erosion analog calculation provides a accurate way of Canada SAGD oil sand gathering network adaptability evaluation, and it could be used for the network programming/updating/optimizing.

A series of Nmethylimidazolium hydrosulfate type of ionic liquids (ILs) bearing different length of alkyl chains were synthesized. The ionic liquids were applied both as extracting reagent and catalyst for the model or true oil desulfurization using hydrogen peroxide (35%) as the oxidant. The desulfurization conditions were optimized by varying extraction time, the ratio of ILs/oil, temperature and so on. Under the optimal conditions, the ILs were also used for the desulfurization of FCC gasoline and diesel. The results show that, ［C3mim］HSO ₄ has the highest desulfurization rate. The best desulfurization rate was obtained after 1.5 hours under the condition of V(［C3mim］HSO ₄)/V(H ₂O ₂ )/V(oil)=1∶1∶30 at 60 ℃ for the model oil (88.38%) and diesel (80%). The sulfur content of FCC gasoline has decreased to 10 μg/g below, which shows a very promising perspective for industrial applications.

A series of alkylimidazolium chlorate type of ionic liquids (ILs) bearing different length of alkyl chains were synthesized. The desulfurization for the model or true oil using ILs as extracting agent were investigated under different conditions. The results show that the best desulfurization rate was obtained after 90 min under the condition of V［C7mim］ClO ₃/VOil=5∶1 at 60 ℃ using ［C7mim］ClO ₃ as extracting [KG*4]reagent. The [KG*4]sulfur [KG*4]removal [KG*4]reached 82.15 % for [KG*4]the [KG*4]model oil (［S］0=1 160 μg/g), 56.09% for the FCC gasoline(［S］0=117 μg/g) and 53.01% for the FCC diesel (［S］0=1 974 μg/g). After the reaction, the fuel oil and ionic liquid can be separated simply by decantation. The ILs were then purified by fractional distillation. The ILs can be recycled at least for 5 times without siginificant loss of activity.

Take N-methyl imdazole and pyridine as cation,a series of CnMimNTf2(n=2,3,4,5,6) and CnPyNTf2 (n=2,3,4,5,6) ionic liquids were synthesized.The ionic liquids were applied as extractant for model oil desulfurization experiments,with the use of hydrogen peroxide(35%)as oxdant.The extraction ability of ionic liquids towards thiophenein the model oil were studied.The results were compared under different reaction conditions such as reaction time,temperature, the ratio of oil,extractant and the amount of oxidant.The data indicates that,when V (ILs)/V (oil)/V (oxidant)=1∶30∶1 with 1 hour of reaction time at 60℃,the sulfur removal rate can reach to 65% for the model oil which 1146µg/g of original sulfur concentration.